Guía

Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia: WHO guidelines, 2nd ed.

Año de publicación

2026

Institución emisora

World Health Organization

Enlaces

WHO IRIS

Recomendaciones

19 recomendaciones incluidas

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline specifically, physical activity should be recommended to adults with normal cognition.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Fuerte

Certeza de la evidencia

Moderada

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline specifically, physical activity may be recommended to adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia specifically, interventions for tobacco cessation should be offered to adults who use tobacco.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Fuerte

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, a healthy, balanced dietary pattern may be recommended to adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Moderada

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, supplemention of vitamins B and E, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and multivitamins/ minerals is not recommended

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado en contra

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Moderada

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, interventions aimed at reducing or ceasing hazardous and harmful drinking (including providing support to people with alcohol dependence) may be offered to adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Moderada

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, cognitive training may be offered to older adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, engagement in social activity interventions may be recommended to adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, interventions for reducing midlife overweight or obesity may be offered

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, management of hypertension may be offered to adults with hypertension.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, management of diabetes may be offered to adults with diabetes.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, management of dyslipidaemia at midlife may be offered.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, hearing aids may be offered to adults with hearing loss.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, engagement in cognitive stimulation may be encouraged.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, dietary restriction interventions may be offered to adults who are overweight or obese.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Baja

Menopausal hormone therapy is not recommended for specifically reducing the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia in postmenopausal women aged 65 years and older.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado en contra

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

Reducing exposure to household air pollution may reduce the risk or incidence of cognitive decline and/or dementia.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

Reducing exposure to ambient air pollution (especially PM2.5) may reduce the risk or incidence of cognitive decline and/or dementia.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Muy baja

To reduce the risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia specifically, tailored, multidomain interventions may be offered.

Estado

Nueva

Recomendado a favor

Condicional

Certeza de la evidencia

Moderada